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Samos

 

HISTORY

In ancient times, between the two continents, Europe and Asia lay the islands of Eastern Sporades. They actually set the eastern borders of the Aegean Sea, and they spread along the coasts of Turkey. All these islands, had common characteristics concerning both history as they were first inhabited during ancient Greece by the Iones.

Samos's location played a great role in its development. It lies in the Eastern Aegean, very close to the coast of Asia Minor, in the heart of Ionia, almost midway along the sea route that links Greece with Anatolia, the Black Sea, Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean. The name Samos is most probably of Phoenician origin and, according to Strabo, it means an elevated place on the shore. Over time, however, it had many other names: Anthemis, Dryousa, Doryssa, Kyparissia, Imvrasia, Melamphylos, Parthenia.

The four most impressive works constructed during this century of brilliant accomplishments, which are worth a visit, are the Walls of Polycrates, the Tunnel of Eupalinos and the port of Heraion. Once 6,430 meters long, even the few sections of the Walls of Polycrates that survived astound today's visitor.

The town's harbour with its piers and jetties is also a must-see attraction. The Temple of Hera, the largest reported by Herodotus, lies 5 kilometers west of the city. A paved road, 4 meters wide, the Sacred Way, lined with 2,000 statues and other offerings, linked the city with the Goddess's sanctuary. It was 108.73 long, 54.8 m. wide and 25 m. high.

Other Gods were also worshipped in ancient Samos and many sanctuaries were erected in their honour, but they were overshadowed by the grandeur of the Heraion. The Samians worshipped Poseidon on the cape near the Eptastadio strait, the present day Poseidonion as well as Dionysos, Athena Ergani, Apollo and Aprhodite.
 

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